Observation Items

CO2 Budget of Forest

CO2 flux of forest:

Eddy covariance method using closed-path infra-red gas analyzer

CO2 concentration profile in forest canopy:

Time variation of CO2 concentration profile in forest community (5-8 levels)

Energy Budget in Forest

Radiation:

4 components measurement using pyranometer and pyrgeometer

Photosynthetically active radiation, PAR (Up- and down-ward above canopy; and down-ward under the crown)

Latent heat flux:

Band path covariance method using sonic anemometer-thermometer and thermohygrometer

Heat storage profile in canopy:

Temperature and humidity profile of air layer; soil temperature profile; and soil heat flux

Others

Air temperature and humidity profile above canopy, vertical profile of wind velocity

Latent heat and CO2 flux above forest canopy measured by open-path infra-red gas analyzer

Soil water content and sap flow

Biomass, soil respiration, tree photosynthesis and respiration

CO2 Budget and Flux Observatino in the Forest
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Example of Observation System

Turbulent Flux Observation

Sonic anemometer-thermometerDAT-600 / KAIJO
Closed-path infra-red gas analyzerLI-6262 / LI-COR
Open-path infra-red gas analyzer LI-7500 / LI-COR
ThermohygrometerHMP-155 / Vaisala; ventilated radiation shield ST-45 / Sanko Tsusho Co. Ltd.
Gas sampling scannerDSE-01A / Tokyo dylec Co.
Low-pass filter3315 / NF Corporation
Data loggerCR3000 / Campbell
Observation items12-16 items including 3-D components of wind velocity, temperature, humidity, CO2 concentration
Sampling frequency5-10Hz
Recording mediaCF card (1-2GB)
System Flow


Micrometeorological Observation

PyranometerCM-6F, CM-6B / Kipp&Zonen
Pyrgeometer PIR(Fan), PIR / Eppley
PAR sensorLI-190SA / LI-COR
ThermohygrometerHMP-155 / Vaisala; ventilated radiation shield ST-45 / Sanko Tsusho Co. Ltd.
AnemometersWMT52 / Vaisala
Soil heat sensorMF-81 / EKO
Closed-path infra-red gas analyzer LI-6262 / LI-COR
Gas sampling scannerDSG-08A / Tokyo dylec Co.
Data loggerCR1000 / Campbell
Sampling interval10s~30s
Recording interval5min~10min
Recording mediaInternal memory

Power Supply Equipment

Denoising automatic voltage regulator (100V AC, 10A) PSN-01 / DENKENSEIKI Research Institute Co., Ltd.
Uninterruptible power sourcePOWLI BX35XF / OMRON

Standard Gases

LI-6262 referenceN2 (ZERO-A) / SUMITOMO SEIKA CHEMICALS CO., LTD.
CalibrationAir (ZERO-A) / SUMITOMO SEIKA CHEMICALS CO., LTD.
CO2450ppm air balance / SUMITOMO SEIKA CHEMICALS CO., LTD.

Observation Tower

Aluminium alloy tower: Nippon Light Metal Co., Ltd., UpRight Japn and ANDO Corporation
Iron self-supporting tower (API): ANDO Corporation

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